Separation of garlic from wheat



D. w. DURRETT SEPARATION OF GARLIC FROM WHEAT Jan.

Filed June 1, 1923 H igl l lllll T V a I i I E2 1 IIIII Patented Jan. '22, 1924.

Free.

SEPARATION OF GARLIC FROM WHEAT.

Application filed June 1,

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAwsoN W. Dmmn'rr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Clarksville, in the county of Montgomery and State of Tennessee, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Separation of Garlic from Wheat, of which the followingis a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing.

My improvement relates to apparatus for the treatment of mixed garlic and wheat for their separation and to the method by which such separation is effected.

The object of the invention is to produce such a machine of simple construction and a simple method or process for making such se aration.

n the operation, the mingled garlic and wheat are put into a compartment and moved through the compartment and through an exit at which are members pressing on the wheat and garlic in a manner not injuring the wheat kernels but crushing and lacerating the garlic bulbs. Incidentally material is mingled with the wheat and garlic for absorbing or drying the juices of the crushed or lacerated garlic bulbs. Thereafter the wheat kernels and the remains of the garlic bulbs are separated by fanning and screening.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation illustrating one form of the apparatus;

' Fig. 2 is an upright section on the line, 2-2, of Fig. 1;

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are detail views showing different forms of the discharge end of the cylinder.

Referring to the drawings, A is a hollow horizontal cylinder resting on supports, A At the left hand end the cylinder has a removable head, A on which is a bearing, A on the axial line of the cylinder. At the right of the right hand end of the cylinder and spaced therefromis a bearing, A, on the axial line of the cylinder and supported on a standard, A A shaft,,B, extends through the bearings, A and A of the cylinder. A drive pulle B is fixed on the shaft at the left 0 the bearing, A At the right of the cylinder a disc, C, surrounds the shaft and extends across the end of the cylinder. On the disc is a hub, G which loosely surrounds the shaft, B. At the right of the hub, C is a coiled spring,

1923. Serial No. 642,841.

C surrounding the shaft. A hand wheel. C is threaded around the shaft immediately at the right of said spring. By turning said wheel to drive it toward the cylinder, increased pressure is put on the spring, C whereby the spring is made to press the hub, C, and the disc, C, toward or against the cylinder.

An inlet, D, is placed on the jacent the head, A. Within the cylinder screw conveyor members, E, are fixed on the shaft, B. Near the disc, C, a spider-form agitator, E is fixed on the shaft, B. The right hand end of the cylinder and the disc, D, are surrounded by a housing or hopper, F, for receiving the wheat and crushed or lacerated garlic discharged from the cylinder.

The operation is as follows:

Mingled wheat and garlic are delivered through the inlet, D, into the cylinder, A. In the cylinder the wheat and garlic are engaged by the conveyor screw blades, E,

and moved through rthe cylinder to and The pressure of the against the disc, C.

spring, 6 is so adjusted as to allow the kernels of wheat to be pressed outward between the end edge of the cylinder wall and the adjacent face of the disc without crush ing or bruising said kernels, but with suflicient force tocrush or rupture or lacerate the garlic bulbs, the contact between the bulbs and the end of the cylinder wall being specially suited to produce this result. The end edge of the cylinder is preferably to be shaped to facilitate such crushcylinder ading or'laceration of the garlic. In Fig. l, the said edge is continuous but beveled to make it sharp. In Fig. 3, said edge is serrated, the edges of the teeth being beveled. In. Fig. 4, the end of the wall of the cylinder is concaved to form two sharp edges. In Fig.5 the end of the cylinder wall is formed perpendicular to the length of the cylinder, whereby two right angle edges are formed. Thus in Figs. 3, 4 and the cylinder wall is plurally edged and the disc extends across such plural edging.

The action on the garlic and the cylinder end is also aided by partial rotation of the disc. As above stated, the hub, C of the disc loosely surrounds the shaft, B. Hence the disc does not necessarily rotate in unison with the shaft. But friction between said hub and. the shaft and bulbs by the disc I between the hub and the spring, C and between the inner face of the disc and the mass of wheat and garlic partially turned by the spiral blades, E, and the agitator, E tends to rotate the disc. At the same time such rotation is resisted by contact of the disc with the wheat and garlic passing between the disc and the cylinder edge. Consequently the disc will rotate with a lagging or creeping motion which tends to roll the wheat kernels and garlic bulbs between the disc and the cylinder edge, and such rolling facilitates bruising and lacerating and crushing the bulbs.

The wheat and crushed or lacerated garlic passing the end edge of "the cylinder wall fall into the hopper or housing, F, and are conveyed thence to any suitable mechanism for separating the garlic from the wheat. The drawing shows for this purpose an ordinary separator, S, comprising a tan and screen.

\Vith the wheat and garlic introduced through the inlet, D, I preferably combine a material adapted to absorb the juices of the crushed or lacerated bulbs, whereby the remains of said bulbs are dried and better fitted for separation from the wheat by fanning and screening. Any lime not adhering to the remains of the garlic bulbs nor to the wheat kernels will be carried away by the air current. Subsequent scouring or similar treat= ment or the wheat will remove therefrom any lime adhering thereto.

It is to be observed that the discharge from the cylinder is amplified by forming the discharge along the end edge of the cylinder wall, the discharge being thus made along a line equalling the circumference of the cylinder.

I claim as my invention, 1. Inan apparatus of the kind described, the combination of walls forming a chamber having an inlet and an outlet the wall around the outlet being plurally edged, a

vdisc placed loosely across the outlet and across said plural edging, means for yieldingly pressing the disc against. the part of the wall surrounding the outlet, and means in the chamber for moving mingled grain and garlic toward and against said disc with sufiicient force to press the grainv and the garlic outward between the disc and the chamber wall, whereby in passing between the disc and said wall the wheat kernels are not injured and the garlic is crushed, ruptured or lacerated, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus of the kind described, the combination of walls forming a chamber having an inlet and an outlet the wall around the outlet being edged and serrated, a disc placed loosely across the outlet. means for yieldi-ngly pressing the disc against the part of the wall surrounding the outlet, and

means in the chamber for moving mingled grain and garlic toward and against said disc with sufficient force to press the grain and the garlic outward between the disc and the chamber wall, whereby in passing between the disc and said wall the wheat kernels are not injured and the garlic is crushed, ruptured or lacerated, substantially as described.

3. The herein described method of treating the two bodies, mixed wheat and garlic, which method consists in delivering the mixed wheat and garlic and a drying material into a chamber and forcing them outward from said chamber between relatively yielding members, said members bearing upon said bodies with force insufiicient to injure the wheat kernels and with sufficient force to crush or rupture or lacerate the garlic bulbs, substantially as described.

4. The herein described method of treating the two bodies, mixed wheat and garlic, which method consists in delivering the mixed wheat and garlic and a drying material into a chamber and forcing them outward from said chamber between relatively yielding members, one of which is edged, said members bearing upon said bodies with force insuflicient to injure the wheat kernels and with sufficient force to crush or rupture or lacerate the garlic bulbs, substantially as described.

5. The hereindescribed method of treating the two bodies, mixed wheat and garlic, which method consists in delivering the mixed wheat and garlic and lime into a chamber and forcing them outward from said chamber between relatively yielding members, said members bearing upon said bodies with force insufiicient to injure the wheat kernels and with sufiicient force to crush or rupture or lacerate the garlic bulbs, substantially as described.

6. The herein described method of treating the two bodies, mixed wheat and garlic, which method consists in delivering the mixed wheat and garlic and lime into a chamber and forcing them outward from said chamber between relatively yielding members, one of which is edged, said members bearing upon said bodies with force insuflicient to injure the wheat kernels and with sufficient force to crush orrupture or lacerate the garlic bulbs, substantially as described.

7. The herein described method of treating the two bodies, mixed wheat and garlic, which method consists in delivering the mixed wheat and garlic into a chamber and forcing them outward from said chamber between relatively yielding members, said members bearing upon said bodies with force insuflicient to injure the wheat kernels and with sufiicient force to crush or rupture or lacerate the garlic bulbs, and then subjecting the remains of the garlic bulbs and the garlic juices to the action of a drying material, substantially as described.

8. The herein described method of treating the two bodies, mixed wheat and garlic, which method consists in delivering the mixed wheat and garlic into a chamber and forcing them outward from said chamber be tween relatively yielding members, said members bearing upon said bodies with force insufiicient to injure the wheat kernels and with suflicient force to crush or rupture or lacerate the garlic bulbs, and then subjecting the remains of the garlic bulbs and the garlic juices to the action of lime, substantially as described.

9., The herein described method of treating the two bodies, mixed wheat and garlic, which method consists in delivering the mixed wheat and garlic into a chamber and forcing them outward from said chamber be tween members which are relatively yielding and one of which has movement parallel to the other, said members-bearing upon said bodies with force insuflicient to injure the wheat kernels and with sufficient force to crush or rupture or lacerate the garlic bulbs and then subjecting the remains of the garlic bulbs and the garlic juices to the action of a drying material, substantially as described.

10. The herein described method of treating the two bodies, mixed wheat and garlic, which method consists in delivering the mixed wheat and garlic into a chamber and forcing them outward from said chamber between members which are relatively yielding and one of which has movement parallel to the other, said members bearing upon said bodies with force 'insufiicient to injure the wheat kernels and with sufiicient force to crush or rupture or lacerate the garlic bulbs and then subjectin the remains of the garlic bulbs and the gar ic juices to the action of lime, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name, this 26th day of May, in the year one thousand nine hundred and twenty-three.

DAWSON W., DURRETT. 

